The Tata family is one of India’s most esteemed dynasties, widely known today through the work of Ratan Tata. However, few are aware of the pivotal figures in Tata history who, before Ratan, helped save and shape the Tata legacy. One such figure is Lady Meherbai Tata, who not only saved Tata Steel from financial ruin but also championed social reforms. Here’s a closer look at her inspiring journey.
Who Was Meherbai Tata?
Lady Meherbai Tata was born in 1879. At the age of 18, she married Sir Dorabji Tata, the eldest son of Jamsetji Tata, founder of the Tata Group. In an era when women were often restricted to domestic roles, Meherbai was a powerful advocate for women’s rights, championing causes like women’s education, the right to vote, and the fight against the purdah system.
Rescuing Tata Steel and Advocating Against Child Marriage
As Jamsetji Tata’s daughter-in-law, Meherbai played a crucial role in both her family and society. Recognized as one of India’s first feminist activists, she influenced the 1929 law banning child marriage. During a financial crisis, she even saved Tata Steel by securing funds through pledging her jewellery, showcasing her dedication to the Tata legacy.
India’s First Woman in the Olympics
A woman of many talents, Meherbai was also a sportsperson. She became the first Indian woman to represent India in tennis at the Paris Olympics in 1924, famously competing in a traditional saree.
How Meherbai Saved Tata Steel
During the Great Depression, Tata Steel, then known as TISCO, faced a severe financial crisis. In a bold move, Meherbai sold her prized Jubilee Diamond, a stone twice the size of the Kohinoor, to help stabilise the company. This sacrifice allowed Tata Steel to continue operations and contributed to the company’s survival.
Establishing Tata Memorial Hospital and Tata Institute of Social Sciences
Meherbai passed away from leukaemia in 1931 at age 52. Her legacy continued, however, as the sale of her diamond helped establish both the Tata Memorial Hospital and the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, institutions that continue to make an impact today.
Lady Meherbai Tata’s life, beginning on October 10, 1879, in Bombay, left an indelible mark on Indian society. Born to Hormusji J. Bhabha, a prominent educator, she grew up with a strong foundation that paved the way for her future contributions to the Tata family and India.
