The Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) achieved a critical milestone by executing a lunar-bound maneuver for Chandrayaan-3, setting the spacecraft on a path to separate the landing module from the propulsion module. As preparations intensify for the final landing attempt on the Moon’s surface, Isro’s meticulous lunar navigation plan unfolds.
Chandrayaan-3’s Lunar Journey
After successfully guiding Chandrayaan-3 into a precise orbit measuring 153 km x 163km, Isro gears up for the forthcoming separation of the lander module comprising Vikram and Pragyan from the propulsion module. This orbital manipulation marks a pivotal step towards achieving the targeted lunar landing.
Managing Lunar Traffic: A Crucial Task
Isro is not only focused on Chandrayaan-3’s success but also on safeguarding it in the congested lunar orbit. The space agency has proactively initiated measures to manage traffic and prevent collisions with other spacecraft. With six active lunar orbiters and Chandrayaan-3’s impending landing, strategic planning becomes crucial.
Countdown to Lander Separation and Landing
As Chandrayaan-3 enters its final stages, all eyes are set on the key event scheduled for August 17 – the separation of the lander module. The successful execution of this maneuver would propel Vikram towards the final landing attempt planned for August 23. The journey, which has proceeded according to plan, is nearing its decisive moments.
The Path Forward: Complex Orbital Changes
Following the forthcoming lander separation, Vikram will undergo intricate orbital changes. These de-boost maneuvers are designed to position the lander in an orbit with Perilune at 30km and Apolune at 100km. This elliptical orbit will be the starting point for the critical landing phase.
Tackling Velocity and Orientation Challenges
Reducing the lander’s velocity from a height of 30km during the final descent is a formidable challenge that Isro must address. Additionally, transitioning from a horizontal orientation to a vertical one is crucial for the landing process. These intricacies highlight the complexity of achieving a successful lunar landing.
Chandrayaan-3’s Remarkable Journey
Chandrayaan-3’s journey thus far encompasses five Earth-bound maneuvers, trans-lunar injection on August 1, and the subsequent Lunar Orbit Insertion on August 5, which placed the spacecraft in an elliptical lunar orbit. Multiple lunar-bound maneuvers gradually adjusted its Apolune before achieving a circular orbit through the latest maneuver.
As Chandrayaan-3 reaches its culmination, the efforts of Isro’s scientists and engineers come to fruition, demonstrating India’s prowess in lunar exploration and technological advancement.
