As India ramps up its focus on emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and quantum computing, universities are set to play a pivotal role in shaping the country’s research and innovation ecosystem.
Ajay Sood, in conversation with ETEducation, highlights how national missions, funding mechanisms under the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), and programs connecting academia, industry, and startups are driving the next phase of India’s science and technology development.
The Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA), through the Prime Minister’s Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STIAC), evaluates the state of various scientific fields, identifies challenges, and recommends mission-oriented strategies for emerging and future technologies. Initiatives like the National Quantum Mission and IndiaAI Mission demonstrate this approach, with a focus on building a future-ready workforce and engaging young talent in cutting-edge research.
Programs under PSA, such as Manthan, connect industry needs with academic research and startup solutions. In just three and a half years, Manthan has facilitated projects worth nearly ₹9,000 crore, with ₹1,500 crore already underway. Complementary initiatives like UTTHAN aim to strengthen Tier-2 and Tier-3 institutions, ensuring broader participation in national innovation efforts.
Universities are also being aligned with national priorities through centres of excellence, specialised curricula, and mission-driven programs. For instance, the Semicon India Programme is creating semiconductor manufacturing capabilities, with IITs and other universities providing targeted training. Similarly, AI readiness programs like SOAR introduce students and teachers to emerging technologies from an early stage.
To support young researchers, ANRF provides funding through mechanisms such as the Prime Minister’s Early Career Research Grant and Advanced Research Grant, while programs like the RDI Fund and Fund of Funds encourage industry-led deep-tech innovation. Together, these initiatives strengthen the overall research ecosystem, balancing academia-led and industry-led innovation.
Education reforms under the National Education Policy 2020, including four-year undergraduate programs with research components, dual-degree options, and credit transfer systems, aim to integrate research with learning. Premier institutions and emerging universities are being encouraged to collaborate through hub-and-spoke models, including the PAIR program, which channels resources to build research capacity in smaller institutions. The Prime Minister’s Professorships program also brings experienced scientists into universities to mentor research groups.
Finally, India is fostering global collaboration through initiatives like the VAIBHAV Fellowship and the upcoming VAIBHAV Connect platform, linking domestic researchers with the international Indian scientific diaspora to ensure competitive, globally relevant research.
