After spending an unexpected nine months aboard the International Space Station (ISS), astronauts Sunita Williams and Butch Wilmore have returned to Earth and begun an intensive 45-day rehabilitation program. Originally meant to be on a short mission, the duo was stranded in space due to propulsion issues with Boeing’s Starliner spacecraft. Their prolonged exposure to microgravity has led to several physiological effects, making post-flight rehabilitation essential for a full recovery.
Why Astronauts Need Rehabilitation After Spaceflight
Extended stays in microgravity significantly impact the human body. Upon returning, astronauts often experience:
- Swollen heads due to fluid shifts
- Thinner legs (nicknamed “chicken legs”)
- Temporary height increase as the spine expands
- Weakened muscles and bones, leading to reduced bone density and strength
To counteract these effects and help their bodies adapt to Earth’s gravity, astronauts undergo a carefully designed 45-day rehabilitation program.
Inside the 45-Day Rehabilitation Program
This structured program is overseen by the Astronaut Strength, Conditioning, and Rehabilitation (ASCR) team. It involves daily two-hour sessions, seven days a week, and is tailored to each astronaut’s specific needs.
Three Phases of Rehabilitation
- Phase 1 – Immediate Recovery (Landing Day Onward)
- Focuses on regaining mobility, balance, and muscle flexibility.
- Helps astronauts adjust to standing and walking under Earth’s gravity.
- Focuses on regaining mobility, balance, and muscle flexibility.
- Phase 2 – Strength & Endurance Training
- Includes cardiovascular workouts and proprioceptive exercises.
- Enhances coordination, stamina, and muscle function.
- Includes cardiovascular workouts and proprioceptive exercises.
- Phase 3 – Full Functional Recovery
- The longest phase, aimed at restoring complete physical capabilities.
- Prepares astronauts for normal daily activities and future missions.
- The longest phase, aimed at restoring complete physical capabilities.
The Long-Term Impact of Microgravity
According to NASA, prolonged exposure to microgravity can permanently alter physiological functions. It affects blood circulation, heart function, bone density, and muscular strength, making rehabilitation a crucial step for returning astronauts.
With the 45-day rehabilitation program, Sunita Williams and Butch Wilmore will gradually regain their strength and adapt back to life on Earth, preparing for potential future space missions.
