The traditional era of passenger trains in India seems to have reached its conclusion as the Indian Railways undertakes a significant redesignation, now referring to them as express specials. This transition entails more than just a change in nomenclature; it brings a substantial shift in fare structures, with commuters now subject to express fares, nearly double the previous rates.
From Passenger Trains to MEMUs and DEMUs
Railway sources indicate that despite the rebranding, the operational dynamics remain largely unchanged. Passenger trains, now labeled as express specials, continue to ply the same routes with the same old rakes. However, in certain divisions like Chennai, the transition includes the adoption of Mainline Electric Multiple Units (MEMUs), while others opt for Diesel Electric Multiple Units (DEMUs) in routes like Tiruchi and Madurai.
Shift in Affordability and Accessibility
Passenger trains, renowned for their frequent stops and affordable fares, have long been the lifeline for various segments of society, particularly for those with limited means such as small vendors, farm workers, and daily wage laborers. However, with the shift to express fares, accessibility becomes a concern as the cost of travel escalates, placing an additional burden on already financially constrained commuters.
Fare Hikes and Public Discontent
The alteration in fare structures has triggered public discontent, especially evident in the Southern Railway region. Booking clerks at major stations like MGR Chennai Central report a doubling of fares in some routes post-COVID-19 lockdowns, causing frustration among passengers who were accustomed to the previous fare regime. The disparity between the displayed fares and the actual charges further exacerbates the situation, leading to confrontations and complaints.
Restoration of Pre-COVID Fare Structure
Responding to public outcry, the South Western Railway took a decisive step by reinstating the pre-COVID fare structure. In an official directive issued on February 22, 2024, authorities instructed the charging of second-class ordinary passenger fare for MEMUs, DEMUs, and passenger trains, aligning with the tariff prevalent before the pandemic-induced changes.
Passenger Trains to Express Specials
Railway officials shed light on the evolving terminology, emphasising that while the designation of trains may have changed, they are still referred to as passenger trains in official records. However, the operational reality reflects a transition to express specials, marked by enhanced fares and streamlined operations.
Financial Implications and Revenue Generation
The shift in fare structures, despite the absence of formal announcements regarding the withdrawal of passenger trains, has significantly impacted revenue generation for the Southern Railway. The adoption of express fares has contributed substantially to passenger earnings, evident in the record-breaking revenue figures of ₹6,345 crore in the passenger segment for the year 2022-23, representing an 80% growth compared to the previous year.
As Indian Railways navigates through changing landscapes and evolving passenger needs, the redesignation of passenger trains as express specials signifies a paradigm shift in the nation’s railway system. While this transition aims to streamline operations and enhance revenue, it also underscores the importance of balancing affordability and accessibility for millions of commuters reliant on the railways for their daily travel needs.
